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In the first mode (during normal operation of the network) the BESS is controlled to provide reduction of power losses, mitigation of voltage deviation and reactive power support. The provision of the reactive power support may be activated only if such support is required in the network.
The BESS provided a reactive power support which helped in improving the power system voltage profile as seen in Fig. 27. In a situation where the reactive power support is not required, it could be deactivated, and the reactive power provided during the 10 s will be zero as evident in Fig. 28.
Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of BESS control system (Alhejaj and Gonzalez-Longatt, 2016). There are five submodels of this control unit. These are the battery model, the power converter model, the charge controller model, the PQ controller model and the frequency controller model.
Initially, the total power losses in the test model without BESS is 26.08 MW. However, when it is connected to different buses in the test system, the power losses changed as summarized in Table 15. Fig. 29 shows a comparison of the power losses when BESS is placed on each of the buses in the studied test model.
The system is built of two main blocks. The PCS building block, responsible for the main control of the mobile BESS. The nominal power rating of the PCS block is 225 kVA, with a maximum peak power in the peak shaving mode of 275 kW . The second block is the modular battery pack.
Often combined with renewable energy sources to accumulate the renewable energy during an off-peak time and then use the energy when needed at peak time. This helps to reduce costs and establish benefits for the user. BESS offers flexibility in grid connection and can operate in local mode when the grid is unavailable.
The investigation compares the identified communication interfaces and their respective applicability to a mobile BESS, specifically the VMS. For specific power utility applications, it is clearly noted that the standard IEC 61850 allows clear benefits compared to the other investigated interface.
Since the BESS is, as seen from the power system, able to act as both a load or generator, i.e. consume or inject active and reactive power individually, these capabilities are described respectively in the LNs DLOD and DGEN.
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