At the first auctions, the wind quota was 400 MW while the one for photovoltaic projects amounted to 50 MW. There are seven applications in the wind power segment and 33 for solar power, At the first auctions there were nine and seven, respectively. Serbia changed both the price ceiling and the criterion for evaluating the bids.
Serbia changed both the price ceiling and the criterion for evaluating the bids. The maximum acceptable bid for wind farms is EUR 79 per MWh, compared to 105 per MWh last time. The ceiling for electricity from photovoltaic plants is EUR 72 per MWh, while it was EUR 90 per MWh last time.
Forty applications were submitted for market premiums within the procedure for the second round of renewable electricity auctions in Serbia, Balkan Green Energy News learns. The call for wind and solar power projects was launched in late November and the deadline for applications expired on February 5.
In the first mode (during normal operation of the network) the BESS is controlled to provide reduction of power losses, mitigation of voltage deviation and reactive power support. The provision of the reactive power support may be activated only if such support is required in the network.
The BESS provided a reactive power support which helped in improving the power system voltage profile as seen in Fig. 27. In a situation where the reactive power support is not required, it could be deactivated, and the reactive power provided during the 10 s will be zero as evident in Fig. 28.
Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of BESS control system (Alhejaj and Gonzalez-Longatt, 2016). There are five submodels of this control unit. These are the battery model, the power converter model, the charge controller model, the PQ controller model and the frequency controller model.
Initially, the total power losses in the test model without BESS is 26.08 MW. However, when it is connected to different buses in the test system, the power losses changed as summarized in Table 15. Fig. 29 shows a comparison of the power losses when BESS is placed on each of the buses in the studied test model.
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A UPS system rated at 200kVA is used for server rooms, datacentres and other critical environments. The kW-rating of such a UPS will vary depending on its output power factor. Monoblock UPS can be operated in a parallel/redundant N+X configuration to provide additional resilience.
Some 200kVA rated UPS systems can be used with lithium battery sets. With a lithium-ion battery, the uninterruptible power supply can operate as an energy storage system using locally generated renewable power sources or off-peak mains to charge the lithium battery set.
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